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Ni nde wishe Prezida Yuvenali Habyarimana?
"Kubera ko iraswa ry'indege ya Habyarimana ryabaye intandaro y'itsembabwoko yibasiye Abatutsi, byari ngombwa kugaragaza uwakoze ayo mahano y'iterabwoba ritazibagiranwa mu mateka. Mu kwezi k'Ugushyingo 2006, hashize imyaka umunani hakorwa iperereza risabwe n'imiryango y'Abafaransa batatu bari batwaye iyo ndege, Jean-Louis Bruguière, umucamanza w'umufaransa urwanya ibikorwa by'iterabwoba yatangaje icyegeranyo kigaragaza uruhare rwa Perezida Paul Kagame n'abafasha be icyenda ba hafi, bose bagize imyanya ikomeye mu buyobozi bw'ingabo ntutsi za FPR. Impapuro mpuzamahanga zisaba ko abo bantu batabwa muri yombi zashyizwe ahagaragara mu cyemezo-tangazo cyo ku itariki ya 17 Ugushyingo 2006. Uwo mucamanza yasabye ko TPIR yakurikirana ibya Paul Kagame ufite ubudahangarwa kubera imirimo akora. Hashize iminsi mike, guverinoma ya Kigali yafashe icyemezo kidasubirwaho cyo gucana umubano w'ubufatanye n'igihugu cy'u Bufaransa, yihimura kubera izo mpapuro.
Kuva yatangira imirimo ye muri Mata 2007, Minisitiri w'ububanyi n'amahanga w'u Bufaransa, Bwana Bernard Kouchner, yatangaje kenshi ko Perezida Paul Kagame ahagarariye icyiza (Abiciwe) gihanganye n'ikibi (Abishe), ibi bikaba byarababaje ku buryo bukabije abacitse ku icumu rya Perezida w'u Rwanda rw'ubu. Paul Kagame siwe uhagarariye abacitse ku icumu ry'itsembabwoko nkuko we abyemeza. Si n'intwari nkuko bamwe babimusiga. Ni umwe mu bantu b'ingenzi bakoze ubwicanyi bwarimbuye za miliyoni z'abanyarwanda, Abatutsi, Abahutu, Abatwa n'abaturage b'Abanyekongo kuva FPR yashoza intambara muri 1990.
Mu kwezi k'Ukuboza 2008, umunyamakuru wa France 24 yabajije Bernard Kouchner niba azi uwakoze igikorwa cy'iterabwoba cyo guhanura indege ya Perezida Habyarimana ku itariki ya 6 Mata 1994, uyu amusubiza agira ati: «Ntabyo nzi kandi sinshaka no kubimenya». Igisubizo nk'icyo ari ahandi kiba cyarakurikiwe n'iyegura ry'ugitanze. Nyuma y'aho Bernard Kouchner yagerageje kwisobanura, atangaje ko hari «uburenganzira bw'ikiremwa muntu na politiki y'ububanyi n'amahanga y'igihugu bihora bivuguruzanya». Ibi byaba wenda bisobanura biriya! Ni ukuvuga politiki nyayo izira impuhwe kandi yuje agashinyaguro. Bernard Kouchner yari yaratumenyereje ibyiza birenze ibyo. Urugero, ku itariki ya 18 Gicurasi 1994 mu kiganiro yagize ku Rwanda, yatangarije RTL ko «yaharaniraga ko habaho politiki ishingiye ku burenganzira bw'ikiremwa muntu.» Murumva urugendo yakoza kuva icyo gihe! Tukiri ku byerekeye ihanurwa ry'indege ryabaye ku itariki ya 6 Mata 1994, Minisititri Kouchner yatangaje igitekerezo cye ku byerekeye impapuro mpuzamahanga zo gufata abakoze ibyaha zatangajwe n'umucamanza Jean-Louis Bruguière. Ku itariki ya 2 Ukwakira 2007 yabwiye Radiyo Europe1 ati: «Sinzi uwahanuye indege. Birashoboka rwose ko baba ari abayobozi bariho ubu. Birashoboka rwose yaba ari uriya cyangwa abandi. Ibimenyetso ntibyemeza uru ruhande cyangwa ruriya, ni ibyo gukurikiranwa». Ubwacyo iki igisubizo kirashimishije, kuko itegeko rivuga ko nta wuhamwa n'icyaha mbere y'urubanza. Ariko kuba bivuzwe na Minisitiri w'Ububanyi n'Amahanga w'u Bufaransa, bigaragara nko gukemanga umucamanza w'umufaransa wamaze imyaka umunani akora ubushakashatsi burambuye bwabyaye igikorwa gihebuje. Aho kwibaza ku byemezo by'ububutabera bw'u Bufaransa, Minisititri Kouchner utarashoboraga ikirego yagombaga kwerekana ko ashyigikiye icyo gikorwa, mu rwego rwo gushyigikira ubutabera bw'igihugu cye, aho guhinyuza ibyakozwe na Jean-Louis Bruguière. Cyane cyane ko ibimenyetso by'iperereza byagiye ahagaragara bituma umuntu atekereza ko ko uwo mucamanza urwanya ibikorwa by'iterabwoba ntacyo yasize cyangwa yirengagije mu kugaragaza ukuri ku ihanurwa ry'indege. Ni cyo gituma umuntu yakwibaza ati: Ese Bernard Kouchner yaba yarasomye icyegeranyo cya Bruguière mbere yo kugihinyuza? Nta kibitwizeza.
Bernard Kouchner ni umunyabwenge. Iyo aba yarasomye icyegeranyo cy'uwo mucamanza, bimwe mu byanditsemo ntibyari kumucika bene ako kageni. Nko ku mpapuro za 37 na 38, ku byerekeye ibisasu byahanuye indege ya Perezida Habyarimana, handitse ibikurikira: «Tumaze kubona ko ubushakashatsi bwakorewe mu Burusiya bisabwe n'akanama mpuzamahanga kashyizweho ku itariki ya 19 Kamena 2000 bwatumye hamenyekana ko ibisasu byakoreshejwe ku itariki ya 6 Mata 1994 byaturutse mu bubiko bw'ingabo za Uganda; kandi ko amakuru yatangajwe na Parike ya gisirikari ya Mosiku, mu kubahiriza icyifuzo cy'ubufatanye mu by'ubucamanza, byemeza ko ibyo bisasu bibiri bifite nomero 04-87-04814 ku gisasu kimwe na 04-87-04835 ku kindi, byarakorewe mu Burusiya, bibarirwa mu bisasu 40 byitwa SA 16 IGLA byohawe Uganda mu rwego rw'igurisha ry'intwaro hagati y'ibihugu; Tumaze kubona ko intwaro za FPR, harimo n'izihanura indege, byose byavuye mu bubiko bw'intwaro bw'ingabo za Uganda; kandi ko na Mwarimu Filip Reyntjens, wabajijwe mu rwego rw'iri perereza, yemeje ko bamwe mu bakora mu nzego z'ubutasi bwa Uganda bamuhaye ubuhamya ko ibisasu byakoreshejwe mu kurasa indege ari Uganda yari yarabihaye FPR.»
Ngaho aho ibisasu byakoreshejwe byarurutse. Nta kubyibeshya kundi, uretse uwakwerekana ko umucamanza Jean-Louis Bruguière na bagenzi be babeshye cyangwa basohoye inyandiko y'incurano. Kugeza ubu Bernard Kouchner ntiyigeze atanga ibisobanuro bituma ashidikanya ku kuri kw'icyegeranyo cy'iperereza ry'umucamanza vurwanya ibikorwa by'iterabwoba. Ibyo bisobanuro rero bigomba gushakirwa ahandi.
Mu Rwanda, ubutegetsi bwa Paul Kagame bwabonye umwanya uhagije wo kugenzura ibikubiye muri icyo cyegeranyo kigaragaza inkomoko y'ibyo bisasu. Kuki butabeshyuje ibyemejwe n'abayobozi b'igihugu cya Uganda bemeza ko ibyo ibisasu byavuye mu bikoresho baguze mu Burusiya? Amaperereza yese arangirira kuri Paul Kagame. Ntacyo yabikoraho. Haba none, cyangwa ejo hazaza.
Ku rupapuro rwa 354 y'igitabo yise J'ai serré la main du diable. La faillite de l'humanité au Rwanda. Éditions Libre Expression, 2003, Jenerali Dallaire yemera ko «FPR yari ifite intwaro zihanura indege hashobora kuba harimo n'ibisasu muri CND, inzu yari ku birometero bine uvuye ku kibuga cy'indege, hafi y'aho byarasiwe.» Umuntu yibaza impamvu yategereje imyaka icumi nyuma y'ihanurwa ry'indege kugira ngo abitangaze! Igihugu ibisasu byakomotsemo cyemeje nomero ziranga ibisasu byakoreshejwe mu guhanura indege, igihugu cyabiguze (ari cyo Uganda) cyemeye ko cyakiye ibyo bisasu, ndetse n'abategetsi babyakiriye bemera ko nyuma babihaye Paul Kagame. Mu gusoza iperereza, abasirikari bakuru ba FPR bo mu cyitwa Network Commando bemera ko babikoresheje bahanura indege. Ni ikihe kimenyetso kindi Bernard Kouchner ashaka? Ibyo byose ko abizi, ni iki kimutera gukomera kurengera inshuti ye Paul Kagame? Uko kunangira bahakana ibigaragara byagaragaye nk'icyorezo umunsi umwe mu bajyanama ba Bernard Kouchner anenga ku mugaragaro icyemezo cy'umucamanza Jean-Louis Bruguière, avuga ko impamvu nyamukuru ari uko byabaye hari abahagarariye ubutegetsi bw'u Rwanda.
I Parisi mu Bufransa, kuwa mbere tariki ya 7 Mata 2008.
Mu mihango yo kwibuka itsembabwoko ryibasiye Abatutsi, Minisitiri Kouchner yoherejeyo umwe mu bajyanama be Bwana Forentini, washyize indabyo ku rwibutso rw'abazize itsembabwoko ryakorewe Abatutsi. Yaboneyeho umwanya wo kuvuga ko impapuro zisaba guta muri yombi ibyegera bya Perezida w'u Rwanda Paul Kagame zishingiye ku «bintu byo gukekeranya tudashyigikiye». Nuko yongeraho ababaye ko «Igihe izo mpapuro zikiriho, ntibishoboka kubyutsa umubano hagati y'u Rwanda n'u Bufaransa.»
Inshuti yanjye ituye muri Bretagne (mu burengerazuba bw'u Bufaransa) imaze gusoma ibyatangajwe na Bwana Forentini yanyoherereje ubutumwa igira ati: «Mu by'ukuri ariya magambo aratangaje! Iyo avuga ngo «ibintu byo gukekeranya tudashyigikiye», Forentini aba avuga mu izina ry'u Bufaransa cyangwa rya Paul Kagame? Ni nde avuga? Ububanyi n'amahanga bw'abafaransa bwaba buhanganye n'ubutabera? Biteye isoni! Mu by'ukuri abanyepolitiki bacu ntibashaka kwemera ko ari u Rwanda rwahagarutse umubano!» Ibyo bibazo bikwiye igisubizo kidafifitse. Ibyatangajwe n'umujyanama wa Bernard Kouchner ntibikwiye kuvugwa n'umuyobozi w'umufaransa wahamagariwe guhagararira inyungu z'u Bufaransa n'abafaransa imbere y'amahanga. Minisiteri y'Ububanyi n'Amahanga (Quai d'Orsay) yagombye gushyira imbere inyungu z'Abafaransa batatu bazize buriya bwicanyi aho gushyira imbere ubucuti bwihariye Minisitiri w'Ububanyi n'Amahanga afitanye n'umunyagitugu Paul Kagame. Kwifuza ku mugaragaro ko hakurwaho icyegeranyo ku bwicanyi bwakorewe abafaransa mu mahanga kugira ngo babyutse umubano na Paul Kagame ni ugucundagura mirambo y'abazize ihanurwa ry'indege ryo kuwa 6 Mata 1994. Kuvuga ko icyemezo cy'umucamanza urwanya iterabwoba ari ingirwacyemezo Minisiteri y'Ububanyi n'Amahanga (Quai d'Orsay) yamagana ni ikosa rikomeye rishobora gukururira u Bufaransa ibibazo butazabasha kwikuramo vuba. Hari igitangaje se kuba nyuma yaho Paul Kagame yarise Jean-Louis Bruguière «umucamanza w'ikirara»? Mu by'ukuri, mu byatangajwe binyuranye n'abategetsi bo muri Minisiteri y'Ububanyi n'amahanga, u Bufaransa bwatanze inkoni ngo babukubite. Paul Kagame yize gukubita ikiboko kandi ntazibuza kugikoresha igihe cyose azabona ari ngombwa.
Kubangamira ubutabera mu rubanza rwa Roza Kabuye
Mu rwego rwo kubahiriza manda mpuzamahanga zatanzwe n'umucamanza w'umufaransa urwanya iterabwoba nyuma y'ikirego cyatanzwe n'imiryango y'Abafaransa batatu baguye mu ndege ya Perezida w'u Rwanda ku itariki ya 6 Mata1994, Koloneli Roza Kabuye, umuyobozi mukuru mu biro bya Perezida Kagame, yafashwe n'inzego zishinzwe umutekano mu Budage ku itariki ya 10 Ugushyingo 2008. Hashize iminsi mike yoherezwa mu Bufaransa kugira ngo yisobanure ku «bufatanyacyaha mu bwicanyi» no «gukorana n'abagizi ba nabi» byose «bigamije iteramboba». Roza Kabuye yarabajijwe akigera i Parisi. Birumvikana ko cyari ikibazo kireba ubutabera nticyari ikibazo cya politiki.
Incuro nyinshi yasubije ibibazo by'abanyamakuru - nk'aba RFI na TV5 -, Bernard Kouchner icyo kibazo buri gihe yageragazaga kukigira icya politiki, ku buryo byashobora kuyobya imbaga y'Abafaransa ndetse n'amahanga. Mu byo yavuze, Minisitiri wari ufite mu nshingano ze kurinda Abafaransa bo hanze nta na rimwe ntiyigeze agaragaza ko yifatanyije n'abazize iraswa ry'indege ya Perezida Habyarimana, baba Abafaransa, yaba imiryango yabo cyangwa se n'abandi bazize iyo mpanuka yabaye ku itariki ya 6 Mata 1994. Ahubwo, yaharaniye guhanaguraho icyaha Roza Kabuye, wakurikiranwaga n'ubucamanza bw'Abafaransa, atanga isura yo kurwanya inyungu z'abo basangiye igihugu biciwe mu Rwanda n'imiryango yabo.
Mu by'ukuri, umuntu yakeka ko uko kutava ku izima kwa Bernard Kouchner ahakana icyegeranyo cya Bruguière na manda mpuzamahanga zo gufata abakoze icyo cyaha zakurikiyeho bifasha bidasanzwe abicanyi baregwa ibyaha by'iterabwoba byahitanye abenegihugu batatu b'Abafaransa. Iyo myitwarire ya Minisitiri Kouchner igaragaza ukwivanga no kubangamira bikomeye imirimo y'ubutabera yari igikorwa. Uwo Minisitiri yagombye kwifata akareka gukomeza kugira ibyo atangaza cyangwa kugira ibyo akora byatuma u Bufaransa bugurisha ubutabera bw'igihugu ku mpamvu zo gusubukura umubano n'ingoma ihamwa n'ibyaha byinshi by'ubwicanyi mu Rwanda no muri Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo. Guverinoma y'u Bufaransa yagombye nibura kugaragaza ko yifatanyije n'imiryango y'Abafaransa batatu bari batwaye indege bishwe na Paul Kagame ikanasaba ko abakoze iryo terabwoba bakurikiranwa bakanabihanirwa. Ibyo byose nta na kimwe cyakozwe. Ahubwo Minisitiri Kouchner yishimiye kurata Roza Kabuye nk'umugore w'intwari, yongeraho ko yizeye ko azabasha kugaragaza vuba ko ari umwere!
Hashize ukwezi, mu kiganiro yagiranye na Radiyo France Info, umucamanza ushinzwe iperereza kuri icyo kibazo yatangaje ko ashyirwaho igitutu n'abantu bo hanze ku kibazo cy'ihanurwa ry'indege ryo ku wa 6 Mata 1994, ariko ntiyatangaza aho icyo gitutu gituruka. Murushijeho gusobanukirwa ukuntu Roza Kabuye yarekuwe akanahabwa uruhushya rwo kujya mu Rwanda mu biruhuko birangiza umwaka abarega bagasigara mu kimwaro. Twamenye neza ko ibyo byose byakozwe na za serivisi za Bernard Kouchner kuko yanabyemeye mu kiganiro yagiranye n'ikinyamakuru Jeune Afrique Intelligent, nomero 2515 yo ku wa 22 kugeza ku itariki ya 28 Werurwe 2009. Bamubajije bati: «Mwabwiye iki Perezida Kagame kugira ngo yemere ko umuyobozi mukuru mu biro bye, Roza Kabuye, aburanishirizwa mu Bufaransa?» Bwana Kouchner yasubije agira ati: «Nibyo icyo gitekerezo cyavuye ino aha. Ntitwashakaga kubangamira na gato ubutabera. Dore inama twagiriye Perezida Kagame: «Niba mushaka kubona urubanza, kimwe mu bisubizo ni uko umwe mu baregwa yitanga.» Roza Kabuye aba intwari. Bitandukanye rero n'ibyo nasomye n'ibyo numvise, kuko nta cyizezaga ko umucamanza yamurekura.»
Nyuma y'icyo kiganiro, guverinoma y'u Rwanda, mu ijwi rya Minisitiri wayo w'itumanaho, Louise Mushikiwabo, umuvugizi wa guverinoma, yabeshyuje ibyavuzwe na Minisitiri w'Ububanyi n'amahanga w'u Bufaransa, amwita atyo umubeshyi atabivuze. Kubwa Kigali, Roza Kabuye yaba yarafashwe ku buryo butunguranye na Polisi y'Abadage yamushyikirije ku mugaragarro ubucamanza bw'abafaransa.
Ari Bernard Kouchner cyangwa Paul Kagame ninde uvuga ukuri? Muri bo ninde ubeshya? Kuki hari igisa no kuvuguruzanya hagati ya Bernard Kouchner n'inshuti ye Paul Kagame niba atari uburyo bwo kuyobya uburari mu kujijisha kugira ngo baburizemo iperereza ku ruhare rwa Perezida w'u Rwanda mu bwicanyi bwahitanye Abafaransa batatu?
Ni iki gitangaje ko haboneka ubushake bwo kongera gutsura umubano hagati y'u Bufaransa n'u Rwanda? Uretse ko uruhande rwahagaritse umubano ari na rwo rwagombaga gufata iya mbere mu gusubukura umubano! Ni iyihe mpamvu ya leta cyangwa se y'umuntu ku giti cye yatuma umuntu uzwiho kwitangira abarengana yashyigikira umukuru w'igihugu cy'amahanga ushinjwa n'ubutabera bw'u Bubafaransa kuba yarishe abenegihugu b'Abafaransa? Nta kindi gisobanura ubwo bushake burenze urugero uretse gushaka guhesha icyubahiro umwicanyi wabigize umwuga, ari we Paul Kagame.
Ikibazo cy'ihanurwa ry'indege ya DC10 ya UTA cyakemuwe mu bwumvikane batagombye guhanagura icyaha ku butegetsi bwa Libiya na Mouammar Kadhafi ku ruhare bagize muri ubwo bwicanyi.
Ku byerekeye ihanurwa ry'indege ya Perezida Habyarimana ryabaye ku itariki ya 6 Mata 1994, uretse iperereza ryakozwe n'umucamanza w'umufaransa, ibindi bimenyetso ku ruhare rwa Paul Kagame muri ubwo bwicanyi ntibishobora kuba byarasobye Bernard Kouchner na guverinoma y'u Bufaransa.
Ubuhamya bwa Michael Andrew Hourigan, umugenzuzi wa TPIR
Michael Andrew Hourigan, umunyamategeko ukomoka muri Ositarariya wahoze ari umugenzuzi w'Urukiko Mpuzamahanga Mpanabyaha rwashyiriweho u Rwanda, yakoze iperereza mu Rwanda abisabwe n'umushinjacyaha mukuru muri TPIR, umucamanza Richard Goldstone. Ni abagenzuzi 20 batangiye iperereza mu Rwanda muri Mata 1996, hashize imyaka ibiri ubwicanyi bubaye. Mu nshingano Michael Andrew Hourigan yari harimo gushakisha no kugaragaza umuntu cyangwa abantu bagize uruhare mu bwicanyi bwahitanye Perezida Juvenali Habyarimana n'abo bari kumwe mu ndege yahanuwe i Kigali mu ijoro ryo ku wa 6 Mata 1994.
Mu cyemezo cyo ku wa 27 Ugushyingo 2006, Michael Andrew Hourigan yatangaje amaze kurahira kuvugisha ukuri ko muri Mutarama na Gashyantare 1997, we n'abagenzuzi be bahawe ubuhamya mu ibanga bw'abasirikari ba FPR bagize uruhare mu bwicanyi bwahitanye Juvenali Habyarimana. Abo batangabuhamya batanze ibimenyetso bigaragaza uruhare bwite kandi rudakemangwa rwa Paul Kagame muri ubwo bwicanyi.
Michael Andrew Hourigan yasubije ibibazo by'umucamanza w'umufaransa urwanya iterabwoba i Parisi ku itariki ya 29 Ukuboza 2000. Yaboneyeho umwanya wo gutangaza ko kuva muri Mata 1996 kugeza muri Gicurasi 1997 yayoboye abagenzuzi b'Umuryango w'Abibumbye bakoreraga TPIR i Kigali, bitwa "ikipi y'igihugu" mbere yo kujya gukora mu itsinda rishinzwe iperereza (O.I.O.S.) ry'Umuryango w'Abibumbye i New York kuva muri Nyakanga 1997 kugeza muri Mutarama1998. Maze avuga ko mu bagenzuzi bo mu ikipi ye yashatswe n'umwe mu basirikari bakuru b'ingabo za FPR wamutangarije ko Paul Kagame n'abandi bayobozi bakuru b'inyeshyamba z'Abatutsi bari mu bagize uruhare mu ihanurwa ry'indege, yemeza ko anafite amakuru ashobora gutuma batahura umwe mu bantu babiri byahanuye indege ya Yuvenali Habyarimana bakoresheje ibisasu.
Michael Andrew Hourigan yemeje ko muri icyo gihe we ubwe yabonanye n'uwahoze ari umujandarume wa FPR wabaye muri «Network Commando» yari yaracengeye rwihishwa mu mujyi Kigali ndetse n'ahandi henshi mu gihugu mbere y'itariki ya 6 Mata 1994. Iyo «Network Commando» ni itsinda ryashyizweho kandi rikayoborwa na Paul Kagame, ryagize uruhare rukomeye mu bwicanyi bwabaye ahantu henshi bugahitana abaturage b'inzirakarengane. Michael Hourigan yongeyeho ko isesengura ry'ubwo buhamya ryasubitswe by'agateganyo hategerejwe icyemezo cya TPIR kubera impamvu z'umutekano wabo, dore ko abagenzuzi babangamiwe ku mugaragaro n'abayobozi ba FPR batigeze bemera uburyo TPIR yakoraga iperereza. Umugenzuzi mukuru wa TPIR asobanura ko yahawe n'abamukuriye uburenganzira bwo gukomeza umubano n'abamuhaga amakuru ndetse no gukomeza igenzura akazamenyesha Louise Arbour ubwe, wari umaze gusimbura Richard Goldstone ku murimo w'Umushinjacyaha wa TPIR.
Muri Mata 1997, akoresheje umurongo w'itumanaho utumvirizwa wo muri Ambasade y'Abanyamerika i Kigali, Michael Hourigan yagiranye ikiganiro kuri telefoni na Louise Arbour. Muri icyo kiganiro, uwo mugore yamumenyesheje ko na we yabonye amakuru, anyuze mu zindi nzira, ahuye n'aye. Ntiyigeze amubwira ko iperereza ku ihanurwa ry'indege ritari mu nshingano za TPIR, ahubwo yamuteye akanyabugabo amusaba gukomeza iperereza rye. Nyuma y'aho Michael Hourigan yahuriye i Kigali na Michael Hall, umuyobozi wungirije ushinzwe umutekano mu Muryango w'Abibumbye, wari waje mu butumwa abisabwe n'Umunyamabanga Mukuru mushya w'Umuryango w'Abibumye, Bwana Kofi Annan, kugira ngo akurikiranire hafi iterabwoba rishyirwa ku bakozi b'Umuryango w'Abibumbye. Ku mabwiriza y'Umunyamabanga Mukuru w'Umuryango w'Abibumbye, Michael Hall yagombaga gukora uko ashoboye ntihagire ikimenyetso na kimwe gisigara i Kigali cyerekeye ibyegeranyo kw'ihanurwa ry'indege ya Perezida Habyarimana. Kofi Annan yari yarahawe ibimenyetso bigaragaza uruhare rwa Paul Kagame na FPR mu ihanurwa ry'indege.
Michael Hourigan yari yabitse kuri kuri disiketi icyegeranyo cyarimo amakuru yose yari yakusanyije. Yari yayihaye Michael Hall washoboye kuyinyuza ku kibuga cy'indege cya Kigali nta kibazo, dore abagenzuzi ba TPIR, nubwo babaga bafite impapuro z'inzira z'abakozi mpuzamahanga, basakwaga n'abakozi b'inzego zishinzwe abinjira n'abasohoka bo mu Rwanda.
Hashize iminsi mike Michael Hourigan yagiye i Den Haag ahahurira na Louise Arbour. Nta bindi bisobanuro ndetse anavuguruza amabwiriza yari yatanze mbere, nibwo umushinjacyaha mukuru amwutse inabi ku mugaragaro amubwira ko atishimiye kuba yarakoze iperereza ku ihanurwa ry'indege go yabonaga ritari mu nshingano za TPIR. Akibivuga, Louise Arbour ahita ategeka uwo mugenzuzi yo guhita ahagarika imibonano n'abamuhaga amakuru.
Ibyatangajwe na Michael Hourigan byemejwe n'undi mugenzuzi w'Umuryango w'Abibumbye witwa James Lyons. Uwo mugabo yahoze ashinzwe ubugenzuzi mu nzego z'iperereza aba n'intasi yihariye wa F.B.I., ashinzwe itsinda rigenzura ibikorwa by'iterabwoba i New York, mbere yo kugirwa umuyobozi w'amatsinda y'abakora iperereza ba TPIR. Ubwo yabazwaga n'umucamanza w'umufaransa nk'umutangabuhamya, James Lyons yemeje ko kuva hashyirwaho «itsinda ry'abagenzuzi mu rwego rw'igihugu» muri Mata 1996, Louise Arbour yari yaremeje ko n'ihanurwa ry'indege ya Perezida ryabarwaga mu nshingano zabo, ashingiye ku ngingo ya 4 y'amategeko ya TPIR. Bityo rero uwo mugabo yahamije kandi asoza ibyatangajwe na Michael Hourigan. Ku rundi ruhande ariko, Louise Arbour wagizwe komiseri mu ishami ry'Umuryango w'Abibumbye rishinzwe ikiremwamuntu, kubera imirimo yakoze, yanze kugira icyo atangariza uwo mucamanza w'umufaransa. Yishingikirije ubudahangarwa afite!
Icyegeranyo cya Michael Hourigan yise «Iperereza ry'ibanga ryakozwe n'itsinda ry'igihugu» kiriho rwose. Nyiracyo yahaye igifananyi cyacyo Jean-Loius Bruguière wa mucamanza w'umufaransa urwanya ibikorwa by'iterabwoba. Icyo cyegeranyo cyemeza neza imyanzuro y'iperereza ryakozwe n'abagenzuzi bashinja Paul Kagame na FPR ihanurwa ry'indege ryo kuwa 6 Mata 1994.
Nkuko tumaze kubibona, Richard Goldstone amaze gusimburwa n'umunye Kanada Louise Arbour, uwo mugore yahinduye imitekerereze avuga ko iryo perereza ridafite ishingiro maze akura mu nzira icyo cyegeranyo cya Michael Hourigan nta zindi nkurikizi. Ibyo gukurikirana Paul Kagame n'abo bafatanije birasubikwa. Hashize imyaka mike, umusuwisikazi Carla del Ponte wasimbuye Louise Arbour yahagaritswe ku mirimo ye muri TPIR azira ko yashatse ku mugaragaro kugaruka ku kibazo cy'ihanurwa ry'indege no gukurikirana FPR kubera ubwicanyi bwibasiye imbaga yakoze muri 1994. Ibyo byose bituma umuntu atekereza ko icyemezo Louise Arbour yafashe yaba yaragitegetswe na Koffi Annan, na we ubwe abitegetswe na Leta y'Amerika itarigeze yemera ko umutoni wabo Paul Kagame yashirwa mu majwi.
Ubuhamya bw'Aloyizi Ruyenzi warindaga Paul Kagame
Mu Batutsi batanze ubuhamya ku ihanurwa ry'indege harimo uwarindaga Paul Kagame muri 1994. Aloyizi Ruyenzi, ni umugabo wahoraga iruhande rwa shebuja, wahunze igihugu ngo akize amagara ye kuko yibasiye kenshi n'abashakaga kumwica. Yaziraga amabanga menshi yari abitse. Ruyenzi uwo yavukiye muri Uganda, akora mu nzego z'ubutasi bwa gisirikari muri icyo gihugu, ategekwa na Majoro Paul Kagame mbere y'igitero cyo mu kwezi k'Ukwakira 1990. Muri 1992, yinjijwe mu bamurindaga. Ni ukuvuga ko yari inkoramutima yitangiye FPR kuva muri1990 kugeza ahunze u Rwanda.
Mu buhamya bunyuranye yatanze, Aloyizi Ruyenzi yemeje ko yari ku izamu mu kigo gikuru cya FPR ku Murindi ku itariki ya 31 Werurwe 1994 ubwo Paul Kagame n'abandi basirikari bakuru bumvikanye ku myanzuro ya nyuma yerekeye ihanurwa ry'indege ya Yuvenali Habyarimana. Uwo mugoroba, Aloyizi Ruyenzi yari mu nzu y'inama iruhande rwa shebuja Paul Kagame. Avuga ko yakurikiye ibiganiro byose byateguraga iryo hanurwa ry'indege. Asoza inama yo ku wa 31 Werurwe 1994, Paul Kagame yaragize ati: «Niba Perezida adapfuye, ntidushobora gutsinda intambara.» Aloyizi Ruyenzi yasobanuye uburyo ibisasu byajyanwe rwihishwa aho bazarasira indege, avuga n'ibyishimo bidasanzwe byari mu kigo gikuru cya FPR mu minota yakurikiye ihanurwa ry'indege ya Yuvenali Habyarimana mbere y'uko iyo nkuru inatangazwa kuri Radiyo y'igihugu. Paul Kagame na bagenzi be bishimiye icyo gikorwa ibyishimo birabarenga. Aloyizi Ruyenzi warindaga Paul Kagame yanatanze amazina y'abasirikari bagize uruhare mu guhanura indege, dore ko banazamuwe mu mapeti bahemberwa icyo «gikorwa cy'ubutwari».
Mu kiganiro cyo ku itariki ya 7 Ukuboza 2006 yagiranye n'umunyamakuru Stephen Sackur wa BBC utanga ikiganiro kizwi cyane cyitwa Hard Talk, Paul Kagame yemeye bidasubirwaho iyicwa y'uwamubanjirije. Icyo kiganiro cyabaye hashize ukwezi kumwe hatangajwe icyegeranyo cya Jean-Louis Bouguière ku ihanurwa ry'indege ryo kuwa 6 Mata 1994 na nyuma gato y'ihagarikwa ry'umubano hagati y'u Rwanda n'u Bufaransa. Nyuma y'ibibazo rusange ku birego bya Jean-Louis Bouguière, umunyamakuru Stephen Sackur yagarutse ku ihanurwa ry'indege.
Stephen Sackur: «Ariko nta burenganzira mwari mufite bwo guhanura indege ndetse no kumwica?»
Paul Kagame: «Nari mfite uburenganzira bwo kurwana ku nyungu zanjye!»
Stephen Sackur: «None se murumva mwari mufite uburenganzira bwo kumwica?»
Paul Kagame: «Oya. Ariko icya mbere Habyarimana yari mu gice twarwanaga, byarashobokaga rero ko apfa. Mwibaze namwe iyo aza kuba ari jye wapfuye muri buriya buryo? Ese ubwo uriya mucamanza aba akora iperereza ku rupfu rwanjye kugira ngo hamenyekane uwanyishe? Ibyo ari byo byose twari mu ntambara!»
Paul Kagame yemeye icyaha atagononwa ubwo yagiraga ati: «Twari mu ntambara.» Yagombaga kubwira umunyamakuru ko ikibazo cye nta shingiro gifite kuko atari we – Paul Kagame – wahanuye indege. Ahubwo yitiriye iyicwa rya Perezida Habyarimana ibihe by'intambara u Rwanda rwarimo muri 1994!
Ibyo ari byo byose, ibyo Paul Kagame yitwaza ni ikinyoma kigaragaza urugero rw'ubudahanwa agenderaho.
Icya mbere kuvuga ngo «twari mu ntambara» ni ikinyoma cyambaye ubusa. Intambara yarangiye ku mugaragaro ku tariki ya 4 Kanama 1993, umunsi amasezerano ya Arusha yashyizweho umukono n'abateye u Rwanda na guverinoma ya Habyarimana. Ku itariki ya 6 Mata 1994, abahoze barwana kimwe n'amashyaka ataravugaga rumwe n'ubutegetsi bari mu myiteguro ya nyuma mbere yo gushyiraeho guverinoma y'inzibacyuho ihuriweho n'amashyaka menshi. Umunsi indege ya Perezida Habyarimana ihanurwa, u Rwanda ntirwari na gato mu ntamabara. Imyumvire ya Paul Kagame iragaragaza ko atigeze yemera amasezerano y'amahoro ya Arusha. Kuri we, iyo tariki ya 4 Kanama 1993 ntacyo yahinduye.
Icya kabiri, n'iyo u Rwanda ruba rukiri mu ntambara, indege ya Perezida wa Repubulika ntiyagombaga kuraswa n'indege ya gisirikari. Yari indege ya gisivili irinzwe, kuyihanura byagombye gufatwa nk'igikorwa cy'iterabwoba hakurikijwe amategeko ahana y'u Bufaransa n'amasezerano mpuzamahanga yo muri 1971 ahana ibikorwa bibangamira ubusugire bw'indege za gisivili.
Dukurikije ibimaze kuvugwa, ntibyemewe nk'uko Minisitiri Kouchner abigenza, kuvuga ko ibyatangajwe n'umucamanza w'umufaransa Jean-Louis Bruguière ari ibirego batarabonera gihamya. Mu gihe hataravuguruzwa ukuri kuzwi, ibisasu byakoreshejwe mu ihanurwa ry'indege ya Perezida Habyarimana hagapfiramo n'abafaransa batatu byavuye mu bikoresho by'intambara bya Paul Kagame. Keretse hagaragajwe ko ibyo bisasu hari ikindi byakoreshejwe, naho ubundi Perezida w'u Rwanda rw'ubu, Paul Kagame, ni we uhama iraswa ry'indege ryabaye imbarutso y'itsembabwoko ryakorewe Abatutsi. Twibutse ariko ko uruhare rwa Paul Kagame rudahanagura icyaha ku bakoze itsembabwoko ryibasiye Abatutsi. Icyo bisobanura gusa ni ubugome ndengakamere bw'uwahoze ari umuyobozi w'inzego z'iperereza mu ngabo za Uganda. Ibyakurikiyeho byagaragaje ko Paul Kagame atakuruye gusa iyuburwa ry'imirwano n'itsembabwoko, ahubwo ko yanze n'icyakorwa cyose kugira ngo itsembabwoko ryibasiye Abatutsi rihagarare. Impamvu irumvikana: umuyobozi mukuru wa FPR yari akeneye urwitazo ngo abone uko asobanura impamvu yatumye akomeza intambara kugeza afashe ubutegetsi ku ngufu."
