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IKIGANIRO BWANA JMV NDAGIJIMANA, UMUYOBOZI W’IHULIRO COVIGLA YAGIRANYE NA RWANDA TRIBUNE IBUKABOSE
Par Alain Cibaronza
RTI : Mw’izina rya bagenzi banjye bo muli RTI (Rwanda Tribune Ibukabose), mbanje kubaramutsa cyane. Bwana Ndagijimana, uyu munsi tulibanda kw’ishingwa ry’umulyango Covigla washyizweho n’abahohotewe n’ubwicanyi mu karere k’ibiyaga bigari. Twibukiranye : Nkuko twaisomye mw’itangazo mwasohooye, hakulikijwe ibyasabwe n’inama ya “société civile” ku munsi wo kwibuka wabereye i Paris/Antony kuwa 31 Ukwakira 2010, abahagaraliye abacitse ku icumu rya génocide n’ubundi bwicanyi bwibasiye imbaga byabereye mu karere k’ibiyaga bigali by’Afrika bateraniye Orléans, mu Bufransa, kuwa 23 Mata 2011. Abali mu nama bemeje gushinga ishyirahamwe ryitwa « Ihuliro ry’abahohotewe n’ibyaha by’ubwicanyi bwibasiye imbaga byakorewe mu karere k’ibiyaga bigali byo muli Afrika », COVIGLA mu magambo ahinnye y’igifransa. Bwana Perezida w’ihuliro COVIGLA, mwabwira abasomyi ba Rwanda Tribune Ibukabose icyo iryo huliro rigamije ?
JMVN : Urakoze kumpa akanya ko gusobanura imigambi n’ibikorwa Ihuliro COVIGLA ligamije. Mu magambo make rero, COVIGLA igamije ibi bikulikira :
- Guteza imbere ubutabera butabogamye kandi bwegereye abahohotewe n’ibyaha by’ubwicanyi bwibasiye imbaga bose, ubutabera butarobanura hakulikijwe ubwoko cyangwa inkomoko by’abahohotewe cyangwa ababahohoteye;
Gushyigikira ibikorwa bigamije kwibuka tutavanguye amoko abantu bose bazize ubwicanyi bwibasiye imbaga mu karere k’ibiyaga bigali; Gutera inkunga no gushyigikira mu by’amategeko no gufasha abahohotewe;
Gufasha abarokotse ubwicanyi bwibasiye imbaga kugira ngo basubirane ubuyanja kandi bagarure isura mu bukungu no mu mibanire yabo;
Kurega abakoze ubwicanyi bwa kirimbuzi no kuregera indishyi z’akababaro mu manza zirebana n’ubwicanyi bwibasiye imbaga bwabereye mu karere k’ibiyaga bigali byo muli Afrika;
Gushyigikira ibikorwa bigamije kubuza ko haba ubundi bwicanyi bwibasiye imbaga, no gufatanya n’indi miryango iharanira iyo ntego.
RTI : Ihuliro Covigla ligizwe na bande kandi likorera he ?
JMVN: Abashobora kuba abanyamuryango ni abashyigikiye intego za Covigla, baba abantu ku giti cyabo cyangwa amashyirahamwe afite ubuzima gatozi. Abanyamuryango bacu bashobora kuba ari Abanyarwanda, Abanyekongo, Abarundi, cyangwa abanyamahanga bahohotewe n’ubwicanyi bwa kirimbuzi bwabereye mu bihugu by’ibiyaga bigari, aho bari hose, ndetse n’abandi bose bifuza gushyigikira ibikorwa by’Ihuliro COVIGLA.
Icyicaro cya COVIGLA kili i Paris mu Bufransa. COVIGLA ifite amashami mu Bufransa (Mu migi minini hafi ya yose), mu Bubiligi, mu Budage, muli Leta Zunze Ubumwe z’Amerika, no muli Canada. COVIGLA kandi ifite n’abantu benshi bali muli Afrika cyane cyane mu Rwanda batubwiye ko bayishyigikiye aliko ko badafite uburyo bwo kuba abanyamuryango ku buryo bugaragara kubera impamvu z’umutekano muke. Andi mashami azagenda ashyirwa aho bizashoboka hose.
RTI : Ko imiryango Ibuka na Collectif des Parties civiles Rwandaises (CPCR) basanzwe bakora izo nshingano zanyu, kuki mutakorana nabo, aho gushinga irindi huliro ?
JMVN : Hari ibintu bibiri bidutandukanyije :
Icya mbere : COVIGLA ntireba abanyarwanda gusa, ahubwo ikorera n’abandi bose bahohotewe, n’abishwe bo mu karere k’ibiyaga bigari.
Icya kabiri kindi tudahuje, nuko mu nshingano za Ibuka na CPCR bavuga ko bazita ku bahohotewe na jenoside y’abatutsi GUSA, ndetse kugeza ubu nibyo bavuga mu ruhame, n’ibikorwa byabo bikaba bibigaragaza. Ni ukuvuga rero ko imiryango Ibuka na CPCR itita ku Bahutu, Abatwa, Abarundi n’Abanyekongo bazize itsembabwoko, itsembatsemba n’intambara. COVIGLA yo rero yiyemeje kwibuka no kuvugira abantu bose bahohotewe n’ubwicanyi bwibasiye imbaga tutavangura amoko y’abishwe cyangwa y’abicanyi. COVIGLA yanze kandi irwanya ivanguramoko.
Ni muli urwo rwego umwaka ushize mu kwezi kwa Werurwe (Ukwa 3) 2011, imiryango IBUKABOSE na CLIIR ili mu baje gushinga COVIGLA, yandikiye abayobozi ba Ibuka bakorera i Kigali, i Brusseli n’i Paris ibarwa ibasaba ko twajya twibukira hamwe abanyarwanda bose bazize itsembabwoko, itsembatsemba n’intambara tutavangura amoko y’abishwe cyangwa ay’abicanyi. Iyo baruwa ntiyigeze ibona igisubizo, ahubwo mu mihango yo muri mata 2011, Ibuka yakomeje kwibuka abazize ubwicanyi bwakorewe abatutsi gusa, ivuga ko abandi bitayireba. Twabajije bamwe mu bayoboke ba Ibuka batuye mu Bubiligi impamvu badahindura imikorere, batubwira ko Leta y’uRwanda aliyo ibahatira gukomeza gutsimbarara kuli iryo vanguramoko. Bityo ikaba yaragaragaje ko ikomeje gutsimbarara kw’ivanguramoko isa na apartheid yahoze muli Afrika y’epfo.
RTI : Baba se barababwiye impamvu bagitsimbaraye kuli iryo vanguramoko n’inyungu ingoma ya Kagame yaba ibifitemo ?
JMVN : Impamvu ni imwe rukumbi : Ibuka ntishobora kwibuka Abanyarwanda bo mu yandi moko (Abahutu, Abatwa) cyangwa Abanyekongo, Abarundi, n’abandi banyamahanga biciwe mu Rwanda, kuko hafi ya bose bishwe na FPR-Inkotanyi iyobowe na Paul Kagame. Urumva rero ko Kagame adashobora kwemerera Ibuka kwibuka inzirakarengane zigera ku ma miliyoni angahe yitaga haduyi akabategeza abasilikare be bakabica urubozo. Yemeye ko bibukwa nk’abavandimwe babo b’abatutsi, yaba ali nko kwirega itsembabwoko yakoze. Niyo mpamvu COVIGLA yiyemeje kwibuka no kurengera abo bose itavangura.
RTI : Ese kwibuka abo bandi ntibizitwa gupfobya itsembabwoko ry’Abatutsi?
JMVN: Ntaho bihuriye. Guhamya ko abasirikari b’inkotanyi batsembatsembye abanyarwanda bo mu bwoko bw’abahutu kuva muli 1990, no muri Kongo muli 1996 n’imyaka yakurikiyeho, cyangwa kuvuga ko intambara yashojwe na Perezida Kagame muri Kongo yahitanye Abanyekongo barenga za miliyoni nkuko byanditse muli Raporo Mapping yakozwe n’ishami ry’Umuryango w’Abibumbye rishinzwe Uburenganzira bw’Ikiremwa Muntu, iyo raporo yasohotse ku wa 1 Ukwakira 2010, nkuko iyo raporo ibihamya ndetse nkuko Anketi zakozwe n’imiryango myinshi itandukanye yabivuze, kubisubiramo si uguhakana cyangwa gupfobya itsembabwoko ryakorewe abatutsi. Bibaye byo, byaba bishaka kuvuga ko Umuryango wa Loni nawo upfobya cyangwa uhakana itsembabwoko ry’abatutsi kubera ko wakoze raporo Mapping ihamya ubwicanyi bwakorewe abahutu.
RTI: Ko nshimye ko mwiyemeje kwibuka, kurenganura no gufasha abahohotewe, muzabikora mute, mu buhe buryo?
JMVN: Icya mbere ni ukwumvisha abanyarwanda ko amategeko atagomba kuvangura cyangwa ngo ubucamanza bukorwe bukoresheje ivanguramoko. Igihugu gikoresha ivanguramoko hagati y’abaturage, igihugu kivuga ko abaturage bo mu bwoko runaka barusha abandi agaciro, icyo gihugu kiba kirangwa na Apartheid nkiyahoze muri Afurika yepfo. Nta butabera kiba gifite.
Nkuko dusanzwe tubivuga kandi tubikora, tuzakomeza kurwanya ubudahangarwa (impunité) ubutegetsi bwa Paul Kagame n’abo bakorana bwihaye, ubwo budahangarwa bukaba bubaha uburenganzira bwo gufunga no kwica abo bashatse bose kandi ntibakurikiranwe n’ubucamanza. Twiyemeje kwamagana ubwo budahangarwa ari nabwo ntandaro y’ubwicanyi bukomeje kwibasira imbaga mu Rwanda no mu karere kose k’ibiyaga bigari.
Muri iyo ntambara yo guhashya ubudahangarwa bw’abicanyi bamwe na bamwe bihisha inyuma y’ubutegetsi cyangwa bitwaza ko ari abatoni babwo, twiyemeje kubarega nkiko zo mu bihugu byubahiriza amategeko mpuzamahanga n’uburenganzira bw’ikiremwa muntu.
Ku isonga ryabo bicanyi, COVIGLA yasanze uyobora u Rwanda muri iki gihe, jenerali Paul Kagame, ariwe ubifitemo uruhare nyamukuru. Uti kuki ? Kubera ko ubwicanyi n’itsembabwoko byabaye kuva muri 1990 kugeza magingo aya mu Rwanda no muri Kongo, jenerali Paul Kagame n’ibyegera bye bayoboraga igisirikari cya FPR inkotanyi, nibo basigaye batarakurikiranwaho ubwicanyi kirimbuzi bakoze.
RTI : Ariko sibo bonyine, hashobora kuba hari n’abandi bicanyi batarakurikiranwa n’ubucamanza ?
JMVN : Impamvu mbihamya, nuko iyo witegereje ibyakozwe n’ubucamanza bwa TPIR bwari bwarashinzwe gukurikirana abakoze ubwicanyi bw’itsembabwoko, itsembatsemba n’ubwicanyi bukomoka ku ntambara mu Rwanda, usanga TPIR n’inkiko za Gacaca bitarakoze akazi bali bashinzwe. Ntawabura gushima ko izo nkiko zarenganuye inzirakarengane zazize itsembabwoko ry’abatutsi. Aliko nta n’uwabura kugaya izo nkiko kuba zalirengagije izindi nzirakarengane z’abahutu n’abatwa bazize intambara, itsembatsemba n’itsembabwoko, bazize abicanyi ruharwa bo mu ngabo zayoborwaga na Paul Kagame. Ingoma ivangura abapfu ntishobora kwunga abazima.
COVIGLA ntishobora kwemera iryo vanguramoko cyangwa kwihanganira iyo mikorere ikomeza kumunga ubumwe bw’abanyarwanda, ikongera inzangano ndetse bikaba byaba intandaro yo kwongera gusubiranamo no gukurura umwiryane n’intambara hagati y’abanyarwanda mu gihe kizaza. Twe abagize Ihuliro COVIGLA twahisemo gutanga umusanzu wo kwunga Abanyarwanda hagati yabo n’abatuye akarere k’ibiyaga bigari bose, dukoresheje uburyo bw’amategeko n’ubutabera butabogamye.
RTI: Muri urwo rwego rw’ubutabera, nibyo koko COVIGLA yaba ishaka kurega Perezida Paul Kagame?
JMVN : Ni byo koko, sinsubira mu byo navuze haruguru, ariko biragaragara ko Kagame ariwe uri ku isonga ry’abateguye bakanashyira mu bikorwa igice kinini cy’ubwicanyi bwakorewe mu Rwanda no muri Kongo. Niyo mpamvu rero twiyemeje kumurega imbere y’inkiko z’ibihugu byose abiciwe batuyemo, duhereye k’Ubufaransa. N’ikimenyimenyi, bamwe mu bacitse kw’icumu ry’ingabo za Kagame zatwiciye ababyeyi, abavandimwe n’inshuti, bamaze kugeza ikirego mu bucamanza bwo mu Bufransa babifashijwemo na COVIGLA.
RTI : Mubona bishoboka bite kandi prezida Kagame afite immunité ahabwa n’umwanya w’ubuprezida?
JMVN : Amategeko mpuzamahanga akulikirana ibyaha by’itsembabwoko, itsembatsemba n’ubwicanyi kirimbuzi ubwo alibwo bwose, ntiyita ku myanya y’ubutegetsi abicanyi baba bafite. Bibaye ibyo kandi byaba ali ukubaha uburenganzira bwo kwica no gutsembatsemba abo bishakiye. Prezida Al Beshir uyobora Soudan we se si prezida ? N’ubwo atarafatwa bwose aliko agenda yububa yikanga balinga y’ubutabera ! Wibuke jenerali Pinochet wo muli Chili uko yarangije ubuzima. Yilirwaga ava mu gihugu ajya mu kindi ahunga imirambo y’abo yivuganye. Reba uwahoze ali prezida wa Tchad Hisseine Habré. Buliya se afite amahoro ?
Mu gusoza, nagucira imigani ibili ya kinyarwanda. Uwambere ni ugira uti « Nta gahora gahanze ». Uwa kabili nawo ukagira uti « Uhishira umurozi akakumaraho abana ». Abatuye mu karere k’ibiyaga bigari, cyane cyane abanyarwanda, dukwiye gushirika ubwoba tukibohora mu mutwe, tukabona uko twibohoza abicanyi b’abajenosideri b’amoko yose bayogoje kaliya karere bakaba baragakwijemo inzangano n’imiborogo aho kugakwizamo ubusabane. Umwicanyi uwo aliwe wose, yaba umuhutu, umutwa cyangwa umututsi, ni umwicanyi. Kuvuga ko Kagame yatsembatsembye abahutu si ukwikoma ubwoko akomokamo, nkuko kuvuga ko hali abahutu batsembatsembye abatutsi bitavuga ko abahutu bose ali abicanyi ! Iryo hame tugomba guhora turisubiramo. Mw’izina ry’abanyamuryango b’ihuliro COVIGLA n’abashyigikiye ubudasumbana hagati y’abantu (égalité), n’ubutabera mu Rwanda bose, ndasaba abanyarwanda, abanyekongo, abarundi n’abandi bose bakunda amahoro, gushyigikira Rapport Mapping yakozwe n’Ishami ry’Umuryango w’Abibumbye rishinzwe Uburenganzira bw’Ikiremwa Muntu. Iyo raporo isaba ko hajyaho urukiko mpuzamahanga rushinzwe gukulikirana, kurega no gucira imanza abakoze ubwicanyi bwibasiye imbaga muli Republika ya Kongo/Zaïre kuva muli 1993 kugeza muli 2003. Bamwe mu bakoze Rapport Mapping batumenyesheje ko Leta ya Kagame idahwema kugerageza kuyiburizamo. Ambasade z’uRwanda hose kw’isi, cyane cyane iz’i Genève, Paris, Washington na New York zahawe inshingano yo gukora ibishoboka byose kugira ngo Conseil de Sécurité y’umuryango w’abibumbye itaziga iliya raporo, kugira ngo urukiko ruzakulikirana ibyaha by’itsembatsemba n’itsembabwoko Kagame n’abe bakoreye abanyarwanda n’abanyekongo rutazashyirwaho. Urumva rero ko akazi kakili kenshi niba dushaka ko ubutabera bugera ku banyarwanda bose bahohotewe, ndetse n’abandi bahohotewe bakomoka muli Kongo no mu Burundi. Niyo migambi COVIGLA yihaye, ni nayo nshingano umunyarwanda, umunyekongo, umurundi wese ukunda ubutabera yagombye kwiyemeza kandi akiha ubushobozi bwo gukomeza kurwanya akarengane.
Alain Cibaronza
Rwanda Tribune Ibukabose