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Rwanda : Ibibazo Mwalimu yabajije Perezida Paul Kagame (By Jambo Malaika)
Nyakubahwa Bwana Perezida, ngushimiye kuba umpaye ijambo, ngo nkugezeho ibibazo benshi mu banyarwanda uyobora bifuza kumva ibisubizo ubitangaho.
Ibi bibazo bizaza mu byiciro bine , kugira ngo ubone umwanya uhagije wo kubitegurira ibisubizo byabyo.
Mbere yuko nkubaza ibibazo nakugeneye uyu munsi, ndifuza kubanza kukugezaho ibibazo 10 nzakubaza mu cyiciro cyubutaha aribyo ;
Amateka yu Rwanda kuri wowe wumva twajya tuyahera he ? mu gihe cyingoma ya cyami ? ni ukuvuga ahagana muri 1800 kubwa Rwabugiri, Rutarindwa mu 1895 , Musinga mu 1931, Rudahigwa mu 1959 na Kigeri Ndahindurwa wa 5. Amakosa yakorewe abanyarwanda akozwe nubuyobozi bwabategekaga harimo nubwami wifuza ko ayo mateka tuyatangira ryari kugira ngo tuvanemo amasomo ?
Nzakubaza ku butegetsi bwa FPR nimitegekere yayo muri iyi myaka 20 ishize
Nzakubaza kuri manda ya 3 nivugururwa ryitegeko nshinga mu ngingo ya101.
Nzakubaza ku masaziro yawe nigihe wifuriza kuzajya kuruhuka ukarekera abandi ibyubuyobozi bwigihugu nuburyo wifuza kuzabaho nyuma yaka kazi kubuperezida.
Nzakubaza ku mitungo no ku butunzi bwabantu bamwe bakize kurusha leta , ndetse babika imitungo yabo mu mabanki yo mu mahanga aho kubitsa mu Rwanda.
Ubutabera kuri bose
Ubwiyunge bwabanyarwanda nikibazo cyabahutu nabatutsi .
Uko wasanze umubano wu Rwanda nibihugu duturanye mbere yuko FPR igera ku butegetsi nuko ubu uwo mubano uhagaze , hagati yu Rwanda nu Burundi, Tanzania na Congo (RDC).
Nzakubaza ku majyambere ishyaka FPR uhagarariye ryagejeje ku banyarwanda miri iyi myaka 20.
Nzakubaza ku kibazo cya ruswa yeze mu Rwanda harimo na ruswa yigitsina isabwa abagore nabakobwa mu nzego nyinshi zigihugu harimo no mu mashuri .
Nzaboneraho no kukubaza ku kibazo cyuburezi bwazambye, ntibagiwe ubukene buteye ubwoba bugaragara mu byaro byo mu Rwanda.
Nzaboneraho kandi no kukubaza ku cyo waba utekereza ku rubanza rwa Hissein Habre wigeze gutegeka igihugu cya TChad ubu akaba aburanira muri Senegal bitegetswe numuryango wubumwe bwAfurika.
Ifungwa rya Charles Tailor wigeze gutegeka Liberia ubu urimo asaba kuza gufungirwa mu Rwanda na cyo nzakikubazaho.
Ngibyo bimwe mu bibazo nzakubaza ubutaha. Reka rero umwanya wacu tuwuhe ibibazo byo mu cyiciro cyuyu munsi.
Uyu munsi nkugejejeho icyiciro cya mbere kigizwe nibibazo 10 :
Duhere ku kibazo cyimpunzi, Bwana Perezida u Rwanda rwagize impunzi mu byiciro bine, ndifuza yuko wagira icyo ubivugabo;
Ikibazo cya mbere :
Mu mwaka wa 1865 u Rwanda rwagize impunzi nyinshi za mbere zikomotse ku mvururu zabaye hagati yabitwa abega nabanyiginya, ndavuga abatutsi babega nabandi batutsi babanyiginya.
1865 ku ngoma ya Rwabugili, igihe Rwabugili yatsembaga abatutsi bene wabo wa nyina abaziza ko babeshyeye nyina Murorunkwere. muri ubwo bwicanyi Rwabugiri yishemo na se umubyara witwa Nkorongo, nabandi benshi cyane, abacitse kwicumu bahungiye Tanzania ni Burundi, kuki izo mpunzi zicyo gihe zitavugwa ? kuki zidatataha ? kuki zidacyurwa ?
Reka mfate ubwicayi bwabaye hariya ku Rucunshu muri Gitarama hakurya ya Shyogwe muri 1895 butejwe na Kanjongera nyina wa Musinga ari we mugore wa Rwabugiri. Rwabugili yari amaze gupfa, maze basaza ba Kanjogera (Kabare na Ruhinankiko), mu gushaka kwimika Musinga bakica bene wabo ba Rutarindwa, bose bakabatsemba, abasigaye bagahungira Congo ari bo bitwa Abanyamurenge ; mbese aba batutsi bitwa abanyamurenge bazatahuka ryari ? kuki badatahuka ?
Mbese ubwiyunge hagati yabatutsi ubwabo , abega nabanyiginya ubona bwarabayeho, bwagezweho? Aha mpakeneye ibisobanuro byawe.
Ikibazo cya kabiri :
Impunzi zo muri 1959 , ubwo mu Rwanda habaga impinduka bamwe bise révolution yo muri 1959, abandi bakabyita ko ari umwaka mubi mu mateka yabo, habaye impunzi nyinshi ndetse haba nubwicanyi bwinshi bukomoka kuri izo mpinduka, mbese impunzi zoze zicyo gihe zaratashye ?
Umwaka wa 1959 watumye ubwami buvaho mu Rwanda hashingwa Repubulika; iyo Repubulika ni yo nubu nawe utegekeramo, kuko uyobora Repubulika yu Rwanda.
Ngarutse ku mpunzi zahunze hagati yumwaka wa 1959 kugeza 1972, mbese imyaka 20 umaze ku butegesti waba warabashije gucyura izo mpunzi zose zabatutsi zahunze muri iyo myaka ?
Ikibazo cya gatatu :
Ndifuza ko ubwira abanyarwanda amakosa yose wowe wumva ko leta ya Kayibanda yakoreye abanyarwanda nayo yakoreye abatutsi byumwihariko. Nibutse ko leta ya Kayibanda yatangiye muri 1962 ikavaho muri 1973 .
Ikibazo cya kane :
Ndifuza na none ko wowe ubwawe wabwira abanyarwanda amakosa yose wasanze ubutegesti bwa Habyarimana bwakoreye abanyarwanda nandi bwakoreye abatutsi byumwihariko. Nibutse ko ubutegetsi bwa Habyarimana buhera muri 1973 bugahagarara tariki ya 6 ukwezi kwa 4 umwaka 1994 akimara kwicwa .
Ikibazo cya gatanu :
Mbese muri ayo makosa yose wasanze yarakozwe nubutegesti bwa Kayibanda andi agakorwa nubutegetsi bwa Habyarimana, wowe, ku ngoma yawe ubishaka cyangwa utabishaka, ubizi cyangwa utabizi, ntabwo waba warasanze amwe muri ayo makoza nawe ubutegesti bwawe bwarayakoze ? Niba hari aho byabaye wabikosoye ute ?
Ikibazo cya gatantadu:
Ubwo mwatangiraga intambara mwise iyo kubohoza u Rwanda muri 1990 ; jye Mwalimu ndi umwe mu bantu mwahuye kenshi nkaba narakunze kukubaza icyo mwanengaga ubutegetsi bwariho; yaba wowe, yaba abandi bayobozi bakuru bo muri FPR barimo ba Tito Rutaremara, ba Dr. Charles Muligande , ba Jeacque BIhozagara, Patric Mazimpaka , mwese icyo mwahurizagaho cyatumye FPR itera harimo
Ikibazo cyimpunzi, kuba Leta zariho zari zarangiye impunzi gutaha mu gihugu cyabo.
Uburenganzira bwa muntu butubahirizwaga mu Rwanda
Kutagira demokarasi isesuye mu Rwanda
Kuba hari irondakoko ryatumaga hari imyanya imwe nimwe abatutsi batahabwaga , nko mu buyobzi bwo hejuru bwingabo
Gucunga nabi umutungo wa leta no kwigwizaho ubukungu bwigihugu kwa bamwe , ugasanga hari abantu batunze imitungo batasobanura aho bayivanye .
Ikibazo cyabatutsi batisanzuraga mu gihugu cyabo.
Kuri iyi ngingo, nyuma yimishyikirano myinshi yabaye, ubutegtsi bwa Habyarimana bwemeye ko uwo ari we wese yemerewe gutaha, ariko mugataha mumanitse amaboko, intwaro mwazishyize hasi .
Ibi mwarabyanze, mwifuza ko ugutaha kwanyu kwaherekezwa namasezerano, kugabana ubutegetsi no kubizeza umutekano .
Ikibazo mbaza hano ni iki:
Niba mwibuka ibyo mwasabaga ubutegetsi bwa Habyarimana maze kurondora hejuru kugira ngo mutahe, Habyarimana akabibima , kuki mwe impunzi ziri hanze zibasaba nka byo, mukazibyangira ?
Ubu impunzi zibasaba gushyikirana nazo mukanga. Ibi mubiterwa niki ? mwabisobanura mute ?
Impunzi zabahutu nabatutsi ubu zikomeje kwiyongera mu bihugu bitandukanye, ko zose zitangiye guhuza ingufu mu kukurwanya no kurwanya ubutegetsi bwawe, iki kibazo ucyumva ute ? Uzagikemura ute ?
Ikibazo cya karindwi :
ikibazo cyubutabera, mwasomye amaraporo menshi yakozwe nimiryango myinshi harimo na raporo za lONU, byose bishinja ubwicanyi ingabo za FPR mwari muhagarariye. Ibyo birego murabizi ; muteganya mute guhangana na byo ?
Mbese ntimwaba muteganya kuzemerera bamwe mu baregwa muri zirya raporo kwishyikiriza ubutabera kugira ngo bajye kwisobanura no kugaragaza ko ari abere ?
Gukomeza guceceka se , byo mubona ko ari wo muti wicyo kibazo niba mwiyemeje kutazagira umuntu numwe mutanga ngo nibura ajye kwisobanura ?
Reka tuvuge ko biriya birego byose ari ibinyoma, ko bitabayeho; Ni kuki ababiregwamo batajya kubigaragaza imbere yubutabera?
Ikibazo cya munani :
Ibyaha bya genocide
Ubutabera mpuzamahanga bwakorewe abo mwasimbuye, ndavuga ruriya rukiko rwa Arusha rwashyiriweho u Rwanda (TPIR); kugeza ubu habuze ibimenyetso byitegura
mugambi wa genocide (plan de génocide), ndetse benshi mu bahaburaniye bagafungurwa kubera yuko nta genocide bakoze , nta numugambi wayo bigeze bamenya.
Aha ngaba ndatanga ingero zabantu batsinze kubera yuko ubutegetsi muyoboye mu myaka 20 ishyka FPR na leta yuRwanda bitigeze byerekana ibimenyetso byuko habayeho umugambi witegurwa rya genocide yakorewe abatutsi .
Dore abagizwe abere :
Ministre Ntagerura ukomoka muri MRND
Ministre Casimir Bizimungu ukomoka muri MRND
Ministre Prosper Mugiraneza ukomoka muri MRND
Ministre Justin Mugenzi ukomoka muri PL
Minsitre Jérôme Bicamumpaka ukomoka muri MDR
Ministre Rwamakuba André ukomoka muri MDR.
Nyuma yaba ba ministre, hiyongeraho abayobozi bakuru bingabo mwatsinze nyuma mukabashinja iteguramugambi rya genocide no kuyishyira mu bikorwa.
Dore abasilikae batsinze bakagirwa abere :
Général Ndindiliyimana Augustin
Général Gratien Kabirigi
Majoro Nzuwonemeye François.
N.B: Nibutse ko uwitwa Protais Zigiranyirazo muramu wa Habyarimana nawe yagizwe umwere kuri ibyo byaha kuko basanze nta teguramugambi rya genocide ryabayeho, nta nubwicanyi bubarangwaho .
Aba bose bakiyongera uwari Préfet wa Cyangugu wari ukuriye abaperefe bose bariho, ariwe Bagambiki Emmanuel
Hari na ba Bourgmestre bagizwe abere :
Mpambara Jean wo muri Kibungo komini Rukara
Bagirishema Ignace wo ku Kibuye muri komini Mabanza
Nyuma yuru rutonde rwose mbagejejeho, hiyongeraho Colonel Theoneste Bagosora wari waravuzwe ko ari we serivo (cerveau) ya genocide; urukiko rwamubuzeho ibimenyetso byiteguramugambi wa genocide ; mu rubanza rwe basanze nta mugambi wabayeho, nta na genocide yakoze .
Ikibazo cyanjye aka ari iki ?
Ibyo bintu mu bisobanura mute ? Kuba mumaze imyaka 20 ku butegetsi ishyaka ryanyu ari ryo riyobora igihugu; mufite byose ariko mukaba mutarabashije kwegeranya ibimenyetso bituma urukiko mpuza mahanga rwerekana kandi rukemeza yuko habayeho umugambi wa genocide yakorewe abatutsi ? Kuba bariya bantu bose baragizwe abere mwavuga ko noneho ari nde wateguye genocide ? Ni nde wayishyize mu bikorwa ? Ndavuga genocide yakorewe abatutsi. None se twavuga ko ari abaturage bo hasi bayiteguye bakayishyira mu bikorwa? Nkeneye igisubizo cyanyu kuri iki kibazo .
Ikibazo cya cyenda :
Nyuma yuko ishyaka FPR rifata ubutegetei, benshi mu barishinze barahunze, ndavuga abatutsi bari bakomeye bo mu buyobozi bwo hejuru bahunze , hiyongeraho abasirikare benshi ubu umubare wabo ukaba urenze 524 bibera mu bihugu bitandukanye by I Burayi; kandi bahungishwa na bimwe muri ibyo bihugu byibihangange dore ko ari na byo binaba cumbikira . Aba bose ni bo biyemeje gutanga ubuhamya bushinja ingabo za FPR kuba zarakoze ibyaha byinshi bitandukanye birimo nubwicanyi ndengakamere, haba mu Rwanda baha no muri Congo (RDC).
Ikibazo mfite ni iki :
Mwakira mute kumva yuko abarega kandi bagashinja ingabo za FPR bose ari abasilikare barwanye , bose babatutsi, ari bo babaye abambere mu gutanga ubuhamya bushinja FPR muri ziriya raporo zose ?
Abatutsi batashimishijwe nimitegekere yanyu, nibo bitabiriye kujya gushinja igisilikare barwaniye nishyaka bakoresheje mu gufata ubutegetsi mu Rwanda. Aha nkeneye ibisobanuro byanyu byukuntu mwe mubibona. Twibutse ko nabakozi bakuru mwakoranye mu biro bimwe batorotse bakajya kubashinja, aha navuga nka ba Dr.Theogene Rudasingwa wababereye umuyobzi wibiro numunyamabanga mukuru wa FPR, nkavuga David Himbara nawe mwakoranye mu biro bimwe imyaka myinshi. Nkavuga nabasirikare benshi mwakoranye hafi harimo nababarindaga .
Ikibazo cya cumi :
Ikibazo cya matsiko:
Ni kuki mu myaka 20 mumaze ku butegetsi na nubu mugituye mu nzu yubatswe na Habyarimana Juvenal, inzu Habyarimana yatuyemo hariya mu Kiyovu ?
Kuki mugikorera mu biro Habyarimana yakoreragamo, ndavuga hariya mu rugwiro, kuki mu tubatse inzu yanyu izajya icumbikamo abazaba ba perezida ba repubulika y u Rwanda ?
Kuki mutubatse indi nzu nshya yajya ikorerwamo inama yigihugu ihananira amajyambere
(abadepite) kimwe ninzu yajya ikorerwamo na senat? Mbese byo mwasanze Habyarimana yarabikoze neza mu byo yasize yubatse ?
Kuki mwahisemo gukomeza gukorera mu mazu yubatswe na Habyarimana ? Ni uko mwayakunze, cyangwa ni uko mwashimye ubwiza bwayo ?
Ubutaha nzabagezaho ibindi bibazo 10 na none mu cyiciro cya kabiri cyibibazo nzagenda nkomeza kubagezaho nkuko nabirondoye hejuru ntangira .
Ndabashimiye
Mwalimu.
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